Problem

Using the stated descriptive rule, compare the outdoor-preference rate for pet owners, \(160/200=80\%\), with the non-pet-owner rate, \(90/200=45\%\). Under thresholds of at most \(5~\text{points}\) for approximate independence and at least \(10~\text{points}\) for association, which conclusion is supported?

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difference=|80%−45%|=35 percentage points≥10; classification=no association because both groups include outdoor preference; direction=pet owners are 35 points higher

difference=|80%−45%|=35 percentage points≥10; classification=no association because both are below100%; direction=pet owners are 35 points higher

difference=|80%−45%|=35 percentage points≥10; classification=no association because average rate is moderate; direction=pet owners are 35 points higher

difference=|80%-45%|=35 percentage points≥10; classification=descriptive association; direction=pet owners have a 35-point higher outdoor-preference rate

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