Summarize two-category data with two-way tables and interpret joint, marginal, and conditional relative frequencies.
Identify informal independence from conditional frequencies
Problem
For groups of \(200\), compare yes rates \(80/200=40\%\) and \(82/200=41\%\). Apply the stated \(5\text{-}\text{point}\) and \(10\text{-}\text{point}\) rule, classify the displayed relationship, and state the limitation of the informal sample-level label.
Big Picture
What this problem is really about
Informal independence is judged by how closely the same conditional rate matches across groups. Compute the absolute percentage-point gap and compare it with the supplied tolerance, then remember that a small sample gap supports only an approximate descriptive label—not exact equality or proof about a larger population.
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