Problem preview
N-CN.8 Warmup M2-058-A04-V01

Extend polynomial identities to complex numbers, such as factoring sums of squares over the complex numbers.

Factor an expression of the form \(A^2+B^2\) over the complex numbers

Problem

Let \(u=x-3\) and factor \(u^{2}+16\) over \(ℂ\) as conjugates. Substitute \(x-3\) back without changing its sign.

Big Picture

What this problem is really about

Treating the shifted expression as one unit keeps the factorization organized. We’ll substitute a temporary variable for the whole binomial, split the resulting sum of squares into conjugates, restore the unchanged shifted expression in both factors, and multiply back to verify.

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Four variants of this problem type
Curriculum context
Course
Math II
Standard
N-CN.8
Category
Number and Quantity
Domain
The Complex Number System
Objective
Extend polynomial identities to complex numbers, such as factoring sums of squares over the complex numbers.
Problem type
Factor an expression of the form \(A^2+B^2\) over the complex numbers