Use probability to make fair decisions, such as lotteries or random selection.
Decide whether a lottery-style drawing is fair by comparing each participant's probability of being selected
Problem
Is this lottery-style drawing fair? \(\text{One}\) winner is drawn from identical slips, with \(\text{one}\) slip per person.
Big Picture
What this problem is really about
A one-winner drawing can still be fair when every participant has the same chance before the draw. We’ll count the identical slips, map one entry to each person, compute a named person’s favorable-over-total probability, extend that calculation to everyone, and compare the probabilities rather than the outcomes.
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