Use probabilities to make fair decisions in more complex settings.
Compare participant probabilities under an explicit fairness rule
Problem
Among \(12\) equally likely outcomes, A wins \(4\) and B wins \(8\). Compute each player's probability and evaluate fairness.
Big Picture
What this problem is really about
Fairness belongs to participant win chances, not simply to the number of participants or to a probability total of one. When the underlying outcomes are equally likely, turn each participant's assigned outcome count into a fraction of the full sample space. Comparing those fractions directly reveals whether the rule gives the participants equal probability mass.
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