All courses Algebra I · F-BF.1.b 16 of 76
Combine standard functions using arithmetic operations to build models.

Add two functions and interpret the combined output

Problem
For \(x\) items, \(f(x)~=~3x~+~10~\text{dollars}\) is supplier A's cost and \(g(x)~=~2x~+~5~\text{dollars}\) is supplier B's cost. Add the functions to write \((f~+~g)(x)\), then interpret its output.
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Hint

Add the two function rules term by term because the context combines two costs.

When two modeled quantities happen together, their total is often found by addition.

Solution walkthrough

01

Align the two outputs at the same input

\[f(x)~=~3x~+~10~\text{dollars};~g(x)~=~2x~+~5~\text{dollars}\]

Both functions give supplier costs for the same x items, so their outputs can be added directly and retain dollar units.

02

Add like terms

\[(f~+~g)(x)~=~(3x~+~10)~+~(2x~+~5)~=~(3x~+~2x)~+~(10~+~5)~=~5x~+~15\]

The per-item terms combine to 5x and the fixed costs combine to 15.

03

Check the combined model

\[x~=~1:~f(1)~=~13;~g(1)~=~7;~f(1)~+~g(1)~=~20;~5(1)~+~15~=~20\]

Evaluating separately and with the summed rule produces the same total, confirming the algebra.

04

Interpret and answer

\[(f~+~g)(x)~=~5x~+~15.~\text{It}~\text{adds}~\text{supplier}~A's~\text{cost}~\text{and}~\text{supplier}~B's~\text{cost}~\text{to}~\text{give}~\text{the}~\text{combined}~\text{cost}~\text{for}~x~\text{items},~\text{in}~\text{dollars}.\]

The output is not a number of items; it is the total of the two supplier cost amounts for the shared item count.

+

Another way

  1. Combine contextual components first: per-item costs 3 + 2 = 5 dollars per item and fixed costs 10 + 5 = 15 dollars.

!

Common mistake

Do not multiply the functions. The operation (f + g) and the request for combined cost both require addition of outputs at the same x.

Solution walkthrough video