Problem

A randomization test has \(p~=~0.03\) and \(\text{alpha}~=~0.05\), with significance defined by \(p~<~\text{alpha}\). State the significance and null decision, and explain what \(p\) does not say about practical importance.

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Because 0.03 < 0.05, the result is statistically significant and the no-effect null is rejected; the p-value directly measures practical importance.

Because 0.03 < 0.05, the result is statistically significant and the no-effect null is rejected; this proves there is no Type I or Type II error risk.

Because 0.03 is at least 0.05, the result is not statistically significant and the no-effect null is not rejected; this does not state practical importance.

0.03 < 0.05, so the result is statistically significant and the no-effect null is rejected; this does not state practical importance.

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A randomization test has \(p~=~0.03\) and \(\text{alpha}~=~0.05\), with significance defined by \(p~<~\text{alpha}\). State the significance and null decision, and explain what \(p\) does not say about practical importance.

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