Problem

A random generator assigns treatment labels. State what this does for group comparability and causal inference, and keep population scope separate.

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Random treatment labels create comparable groups in expectation and support a causal comparison under experiment assumptions; population scope is separate.

Random-generator labels are a form of self-selection, so groups may be confounded and only association is supported; population scope is separate.

Random labels create comparable groups and support a causal comparison, and random assignment automatically makes participants representative of the population.

Treatment is not assigned, so the groups may be confounded and support only association; population generalization nevertheless follows automatically.

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A random generator assigns treatment labels. State what this does for group comparability and causal inference, and keep population scope separate.

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