Solve simple compound probability and counting problems using organized reasoning.
Count outcomes in a two-step situation
Problem
A coin is flipped \(\text{once}\), and then a standard number cube with \(6~\text{sides}\) is rolled. How many total outcomes are possible?
Big Picture
What this problem is really about
A complete outcome records both stages: one coin result paired with one cube result. Since every coin result can occur with every cube face, use the multiplication principle on the two stage counts. Adding the counts would miss most of those ordered pairs, while a short tree or organized list can verify the product.
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