California course

Math Foundations

Strengthen number sense, fractions, ratios, expressions, equations, geometry, and data—the bridge from middle-school math to high-school success.

Problem types
634
Practice variants
2,536
Problem types

Page 1 of 18

Each problem type has four distinct practice variants. Open a preview to move among all four.

MF.NS.1 MF-001-A01-V01

Compare close decimals

Compare, order, and estimate whole numbers and decimals using place value and magnitude sense.

This comparison comes down to place value, not the number of visible digits. We’ll write the decimals with matching places, scan from left to right, and stop at the first …

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MF.NS.1 MF-001-A02-V01

Order large whole numbers

Compare, order, and estimate whole numbers and decimals using place value and magnitude sense.

This is an ordering problem built on place value. We’ll compare the numbers from the highest place to the right, grouping any that stay tied, and then break those ties …

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MF.NS.1 MF-001-A03-V01

Pick the best benchmark match

Compare, order, and estimate whole numbers and decimals using place value and magnitude sense.

Closeness to a benchmark means distance, regardless of whether a number lies below or above it. We’ll find each number’s positive distance from eight and compare those distances. The number …

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MF.NS.1 MF-001-A04-V01

Round for a reasonable estimate

Compare, order, and estimate whole numbers and decimals using place value and magnitude sense.

Rounding to the nearest tenth depends on two adjacent place values. We’ll identify the tenths digit, inspect the hundredths digit as the deciding digit, and use the five-or-more rule to …

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MF.NS.1 MF-001-A05-V01

Compare contextual decimal quantities

Compare, order, and estimate whole numbers and decimals using place value and magnitude sense.

The key is interpreting the context before comparing the decimals: a faster finish means less elapsed time. We’ll line up the race times by place value, find the smallest one, …

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MF.NS.1 MF-001-A06-V01

Estimate in context by rounding

Compare, order, and estimate whole numbers and decimals using place value and magnitude sense.

This is an estimate, so the original prices are inputs to simplify before we add. We’ll round each price to the nearest whole dollar using the cents, then add only …

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MF.NS.1 MF-001-A07-V01

Judge a number against benchmarks

Compare, order, and estimate whole numbers and decimals using place value and magnitude sense.

This is a distance-to-a-benchmark question. We’ll place the bottle amount between the two benchmarks, measure how far it is from each endpoint, and compare those two distances. The endpoint with …

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MF.NS.1 MF-001-A09-V01

Check a rounding claim

Compare, order, and estimate whole numbers and decimals using place value and magnitude sense.

To test the student’s claim, we need to round independently rather than trust the stated result. We’ll locate the tenths digit, use the hundredths digit to decide whether it stays …

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MF.NS.1 MF-001-A10-V01

Convert number forms before comparing

Compare, order, and estimate whole numbers and decimals using place value and magnitude sense.

The two quantities are not yet written in the same form, so place value is the bridge. We’ll turn the named ones, tenths, and hundredths into one decimal, then compare …

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MF.NS.1 MF-001-A11-V01

Interpret a number line for magnitude

Compare, order, and estimate whole numbers and decimals using place value and magnitude sense.

The number line gives both scale and order. We’ll use the one-hundredth tick spacing to calculate the value of each labeled point, then read the points from left to right …

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MF.NS.1 MF-001-A12-V01

Convert, order, then estimate

Compare, order, and estimate whole numbers and decimals using place value and magnitude sense.

This problem has two linked tasks: put unlike representations on a common scale, then compare their spacing. We’ll convert every value to a decimal, align the place values, and order …

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MF.NS.1 MF-001-A13-V01

Defend the most reasonable estimate

Compare, order, and estimate whole numbers and decimals using place value and magnitude sense.

The task is to build a defensible whole-dollar estimate. We’ll round every price to the nearest dollar, add those rounded amounts, and use that sum as the benchmark for the …

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MF.NS.2 MF-002-A01-V01

Estimate a sum with rounding

Estimate sums, products, quotients, and percent results, then judge whether an exact answer is reasonable.

This sum is meant to be estimated at the whole-number level. We’ll round each addend independently by looking at its tenths digit, then add the two rounded values instead of …

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MF.NS.2 MF-002-A02-V01

Estimate a product with specified rounding

Estimate sums, products, quotients, and percent results, then judge whether an exact answer is reasonable.

The estimate depends on rounding each factor to the particular place named for it. We’ll use the tens digit to round the larger factor to a hundred and the ones …

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MF.NS.2 MF-002-A03-V01

Estimate a quotient with a specified compatible dividend

Estimate sums, products, quotients, and percent results, then judge whether an exact answer is reasonable.

This quotient is estimated by replacing only the dividend with the specified nearby compatible number and keeping the divisor unchanged. We’ll split that compatible dividend into easy multiples of the …

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MF.NS.2 MF-002-A04-V01

Estimate a percent amount with a specified benchmark

Estimate sums, products, quotients, and percent results, then judge whether an exact answer is reasonable.

Instead of calculating nineteen percent exactly, we’ll use the nearby twenty-percent benchmark. We can find ten percent of two hundred forty by dividing by ten, then double that amount to …

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MF.NS.2 MF-002-A05-V01

Estimate a contextual total with a specified rounding rule

Estimate sums, products, quotients, and percent results, then judge whether an exact answer is reasonable.

The question is whether an estimated purchase total stays within a fixed budget. We’ll round all four prices to the nearest dollar, add every rounded amount, and compare that estimate …

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MF.NS.2 MF-002-A06-V01

Estimate a contextual product with specified factors

Estimate sums, products, quotients, and percent results, then judge whether an exact answer is reasonable.

Because the cans come in equal groups, the total is modeled by multiplication. We’ll replace the box count and cans-per-box count with the specified benchmark factors, multiply those easier numbers, …

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MF.NS.2 MF-002-A07-V01

Estimate a contextual quotient or percent with a specified benchmark

Estimate sums, products, quotients, and percent results, then judge whether an exact answer is reasonable.

A percent discount is a fraction of the price, not a dollar amount by itself. We’ll apply seventeen percent to the specified sixty-dollar benchmark, either as a decimal or as …

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MF.NS.2 MF-002-A09-V01

Use an estimate to check an exact answer

Estimate sums, products, quotients, and percent results, then judge whether an exact answer is reasonable.

The claim is judged by a benchmark and a tolerance, so we need two separate comparisons. We’ll calculate the twenty-percent benchmark, find the positive gap between it and the claim, …

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MF.NS.2 MF-002-A10-V01

Rewrite an expression using specified benchmarks

Estimate sums, products, quotients, and percent results, then judge whether an exact answer is reasonable.

This estimate keeps the addition structure but replaces each addend with a nearest-hundred benchmark. We’ll round the two addends separately, preserve the plus sign between their replacements, and add the …

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MF.NS.2 MF-002-A11-V01

Use a specified benchmark-percent rewrite

Estimate sums, products, quotients, and percent results, then judge whether an exact answer is reasonable.

The percent is being decomposed into familiar parts, but every part still applies to the same whole. We’ll find ten percent, use it to build five percent, find one percent …

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MF.NS.2 MF-002-A12-V01

Use estimation to choose the best answer

Estimate sums, products, quotients, and percent results, then judge whether an exact answer is reasonable.

Since seventeen percent lies between ten percent and twenty percent, its discount on a positive price must lie between the corresponding dollar amounts. We’ll calculate those lower and upper bounds …

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MF.NS.2 MF-002-A13-V01

Estimate a multi-step result with specified benchmarks

Estimate sums, products, quotients, and percent results, then judge whether an exact answer is reasonable.

The bill estimate must keep all three parts: food, tax, and tip. We’ll add the specified benchmark amounts, measure the positive gap between that estimate and the reported total, and …

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MF.NS.3 MF-003-A01-V01

Evaluate without grouping symbols

Evaluate multi-step numerical expressions using order of operations, including grouping symbols and exponents.

This expression is about operation priority, not simply reading from left to right. We’ll complete the multiplication first, rewrite the entire expression with that product in place, and then handle …

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MF.NS.3 MF-003-A02-V01

Evaluate with one grouped part

Evaluate multi-step numerical expressions using order of operations, including grouping symbols and exponents.

The parentheses make the grouped sum one complete factor. We’ll evaluate that group first, replace it with its value, multiply before subtracting, and only then finish the outer difference. Working …

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MF.NS.3 MF-003-A03-V01

Evaluate with exponents

Evaluate multi-step numerical expressions using order of operations, including grouping symbols and exponents.

The exponent has the highest priority here and represents repeated multiplication of its base. We’ll evaluate that power, substitute its value without changing the surrounding expression, then multiply before adding. …

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MF.NS.3 MF-003-A04-V01

Evaluate a layered expression

Evaluate multi-step numerical expressions using order of operations, including grouping symbols and exponents.

This expression has nested grouping, so we’ll peel it from the inside out. First evaluate the parentheses, then finish the bracket, and treat that completed bracket value as one factor. …

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MF.NS.3 MF-003-A05-V01

Evaluate a bundled context expression

Evaluate multi-step numerical expressions using order of operations, including grouping symbols and exponents.

The story contains two kinds of equal groups: complete bundles and extra stickers. We’ll find the cost of one whole bundle before multiplying by the number of bundles, find the …

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MF.NS.3 MF-003-A06-V01

Evaluate an exponent in context

Evaluate multi-step numerical expressions using order of operations, including grouping symbols and exponents.

The squared term represents the area of the square patio because both side lengths are the same. We’ll interpret the exponent as two factors of the side length, calculate that …

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MF.NS.3 MF-003-A07-V01

Evaluate a subtotal-then-adjust context

Evaluate multi-step numerical expressions using order of operations, including grouping symbols and exponents.

The story has a repeated earning amount followed by two separate adjustments. We’ll multiply to find the tickets from the wins, add the bonus to form a subtotal, and then …

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MF.NS.3 MF-003-A09-V01

Check a grouped-expression claim

Evaluate multi-step numerical expressions using order of operations, including grouping symbols and exponents.

We can judge the claim only after evaluating the expression independently. We’ll simplify the parentheses first, multiply the grouped result by the outside factor, and add the remaining term last. …

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MF.NS.3 MF-003-A10-V01

Rewrite the first valid step

Evaluate multi-step numerical expressions using order of operations, including grouping symbols and exponents.

This task asks for one valid rewrite, not the completed evaluation. We’ll identify the single operation with highest priority, simplify only that grouped part, and copy every other number and …

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MF.NS.3 MF-003-A11-V01

Convert a solution plan into an expression

Evaluate multi-step numerical expressions using order of operations, including grouping symbols and exponents.

The words describe a sequence of operations, so the expression must protect the first result for later use. We’ll group the initial sum, multiply that whole quantity by four, and …

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MF.NS.3 MF-003-A12-V01

Compare two structured expressions

Evaluate multi-step numerical expressions using order of operations, including grouping symbols and exponents.

The two expressions use the same numbers but different grouping, so we must evaluate each structure on its own. We’ll complete the parenthesized sum in the first expression, use multiplication …

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MF.NS.3 MF-003-A13-V01

Select the right model and evaluate it

Evaluate multi-step numerical expressions using order of operations, including grouping symbols and exponents.

Both fees occur every month, so one month’s complete cost must include both of them. We’ll group the base fee and device fee, then multiply that monthly total by the …

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